Wednesday, January 29, 2014

Critical Race Theory's Divisive Nature



                In the preface of ‘Critical Race Theory: An Introduction’ that we read a few classes ago Delgado and Stefancic mentioned the vigorous opposition by some groups to the election of President Obama. The article doesn’t go into detail but some of Obama critics were vocal about his connection to Critical Race Theory. Apparently, as a law student, Obama was a student of Derrick Bell, one of the founding intellectuals to Critical Race Theory who happened to be the first tenured African American law professor at Harvard. Some critics feel Critical Race Theory attempts to change the US’s liberal legal order based on rationalist principles which they feel are immune to the effects of racial discrimination. To me it looks like the critics shudder at the notion of change which challenges the status quo as we’ve often talked about in class. I feel often in America people literally interpret the founding fathers, deify them resulting in an excuse not to adjust what critics of change consider immutable laws. Such oppositional forces show how difficult any change in race relations is achieved even when seemingly logical legislation is demonized as radical and revolutionary. Here’s a link with a controversial exchange between a reporter for CNN and a critic of CRT




Could the world Ever Be Completely Racist-Free?

In the Jackson et al article they discuss the concept of “othering,” which is using a derogatory term that stems from a race or group of people that was at some point or another not accepted in society like “being Jewed,” something being referred to as being “gay,” or making fun of White People Problems (WPP) (2013, p. 349). People have a tendency of separating themselves from those who are different, but why? And why is the world obsessed with categorizing everything about a culture, saying if you’re Mexican you have to be these certain things? Take for example what popped up this morning on my Facebook feed from Cosmopolitan that can be seen through this link:

28 Signs You Grew Up Mexican by Krystyna Chavez.

What is this teaching people? Ok, so perhaps I, as a Mexican, fall into some of the signs, but what does that mean? Reading some of the comments under the Facebook post, people are arguing whether it is racist or not. I can understand the point of view of people saying it is funny and just a good joke, but not everyone is going to see it as a joke. It’s upsetting to me because people of other backgrounds will go ahead and read this article and immediately assume all Mexicans have to have these signs. Sorry for my language but this is total bull****. If society keeps accepting stereotypes and dismissing them as a funny joke, we will never get anywhere, racism will never cease to exist.            

Resources
Jackson, R.L. & Moshin, J. (2013). “Identity and difference: Race and the necessity of the discriminating subject.”  In T.K. Nakayama & R.T. Halualani (Eds.), The Handbook of Critical Intercultural Communication (pp. 348-363). Wiley-Blackwell.


Sunday, January 26, 2014

Muslim Hipsters

In this week's article: "Of Being an Arab Woman Before and After September 11: The Enactment of Communal Identities in Talk," the concept of false notions of female oppression are discussed.

One woman in particular makes it known that while she is Arab, she is not oppressed and seems to blame the images in the media for propagating this myth.

A fairly recent “cultural phenomenon” involves a group of young women who want to show that the hijab is not a symbol of oppression, but rather just another part of who they are. They have done this by coming together to show a different picture of Muslim women in the U.S.


According to the group’s official Facebook page, Mipsterz- Muslim Hipsters: “A Mipster is someone at the forefront of the latest music, fashion, art, critical thought, food, imagination, creativity, and all forms of obscure everything. A Mipster has a social mind, and yearning for a more just order, a more inclusive community unbounded by stale categories, unwilling to plod blindly along in a world as obsessed with class as it is unmindful of its consequences.”

As part of their campaign, a video was released showing a number of Mipsterz on the streets doing everyday things to the Jay-Z song “Somewhere in America.” The video and the song choice have received mixed reviews, but the main criticism in the comments section of the article is that if these women were in a country like Saudi Arabia they would be punished for dressing in such tight clothing. Critics of these women seem to be saying that, yes, here in America this is what a Muslim woman can look like, but in a conservative country it is not.



The group is trying to show that scarves can be seen as a tool of empowerment and not oppression. Is this the way to get people to change how they view Muslim women in general, and Muslim women living in America in particular?

Friday, January 24, 2014

The Eyes of a Child

As I was reading the introduction to The New Jim Crow, I noticed that the author, Michelle Alexander, mentioned that she didn’t always believe in racial castes.  Then I remembered one of the white men in The Color of Fear, who said that he didn’t see, understand, or believe that non whites lived such an oppressed life because of white dominance. In my short lifetime, I’ve run into people who claim the same thing : Barack Obama is President and Bill Cosby and Oprah Winfrey are major successes, so how can we be living in a time of racial castes or institutional racism.  I find this question fascinating because I’ve been able to recognize racial stratification since I was a kid.  This thought reminded me of an experiment I’ve been familiar with for a few years now.  An interviewer places a piece of paper with drawings of children of different skin colors  in front of real kids and asks questions like: Which is the the good child? Which is the ugly child?  Which is the smart child? Which is the mean child?  




As the video goes on, a pattern becomes clear.  The lighter-skinned children are identified as children with positive traits (like good, smart and nice).  The darker-skinned children are  given negative traits (like bad, ugly and dumb).  The children being interviewed are reflecting what they’ve seen and experienced in real life, which is something that I don’t understand about adults who claim that there is no racial caste system.  

In chapter five of The New Jim Crow, Michelle Alexander makes an observation about how people know and don’t know the truth about mass incarceration:

“For more than three decades, images of black men in handcuffs have been a regular staple of the evening news. We know that large numbers of black men have been locked in cages. In fact, it is precisely because we know that black and brown people are more likely to be imprisoned that we, as a nation, have not cared too much about it. We tell ourselves they ‘deserve’ their fate, even though we know-and don’t know-that whites are just as likely to commit many crimes, especially drug crimes.”


So how can social stratification be so easily recognized by a child, but somewhere between childhood and adulthood some individuals suddenly fail to see it?

Thursday, January 23, 2014

Gay Marriages Confront Catholic School Rules

The Jackson and Moshin reading, 'Identity and Difference', states “There must be something on which we must focus that distinguishes itself from something else. This very small interstitial dynamic is what catalyzes difference. At the moment we are compelled to designate a name for some person, place, thing, or experience we are beginning the practice of discrimination (338).” The questionnaire that we completed, 'Daily effects of white privilege', had many statements in which race could be replaced with sexual orientation. This issue of privilege as discussed in last night’s class goes beyond race and ethnicity. It is extended to another socially deemed “other” which is based on sexual orientation. Heterosexual relationships are privileged in the United States. This New York Times’ article reveals a situation in which a man was fired from his job once it was discovered that he had recently wed another man. Would a man in this exact position be fired for marrying a woman? What I find redeeming about this situation is the amount of outcry and uprising that has come together to speak out against the unjust and discriminatory firing of Mr. Z. We learn that bystanders will not stand idle. What does this mean for the homosexual community? I, for one, hope that this protesting on behalf of those persecuted is a trend that continues until equality prevails.

Monday, January 20, 2014

More the Merrier??


A recent article in the Economist spoke of a bill introduced in the French-speaking province of Quebec which would prohibit the wearing religious symbols, which many believe specifically targets the hijab worn by Muslim females. Here's the link:

 http://www.economist.com/news/americas/21594328-debates-over-immigration-are-often-toxic-not-canada-more-merrier

The government states the ban is needed to promote state secularism, others, naturally, vehemently disagree. What is interesting is that Quebeckers, along with most Canadians, promote mass immigration and believe immigrants are a boost to the economy. This has been the case for decades with Canada adopting ‘multiculturalism’ as a maxim for tolerance in the 70’s but at the same time expecting them to integrate. In Quebec the government prefers the doctrine of ‘interculturalism’ which emphasizes assimilation into the dominant culture. 

The cultural intolerance of the Quebec government illustrates how often the dominant culture will perceive, or disregard, a minority group’s ‘primary socialization’ identifiers and instead treat them as ‘secondary socialization’ identifiers as discussed in Alex Frame’s, ‘Cultures, Identities and Meanings in Intercultural Encounters’. In other words, your culture is second to the primary culture you are now surrounded by. This static view of the culture lacks a deep understanding of the ever changing nature of culture, comforted by the illusion of one’s own culture as imperious to change at the expense of altering another’s. Furthermore, one does not need to search in between the lines too long to realize that while Quebeckers claim such a laid back status to potential immigrants laws of this kind make it plain to see that Muslim-immigrants should look elsewhere.

Sunday, January 19, 2014

Embodied Translation and Photography: "Touching Strangers"


In class on Wednesday, we discussed the concept of embodied translation from an article we read by Gust A. Yep. The author cites K.R. Chavez’s definition of embodied translation as “the process of reading and making sense of ‘other bodies’” (Yep, 120). In class, photography was mentioned as a powerful medium for representing this concept. Afterward, I remembered a news story from August about photographer Richard Renaldi and his “Touching Strangers” project in New York City. I have provided a link to the CBS News story and video here.

The project involves Renaldi placing strangers in intimate embraces for portraits. I find this series to be a great example of a mediated deconstruction—a “quaring” of sorts—of embodied translation for the viewer and participant. And for this reason, I argue that the series creatively challenges the way in which we read and make sense of other bodies. The process provokes various components of embodied translation, including textual signifiers of the body, such as the gender, race, age, and clothing of the participants; nonverbal communication, seen in participant-described awkwardness and subsequent comfort; verbal communication during the photo shoot; the primary context of New York City; and the historical and cultural context of the participants.

After watching the news video, what are your thoughts on how Renaldi uses photography to deconstruct the process of embodied translation? How could we look at this project from the interpretive and/or critical paradigms? 

--Michael